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14 August 2010

About Rohtak


Bharat (India) >> Haryana >> Government >> Districts >> Rohtak

Rohtak (Punjabi: ਰੋਹਤਕ, Hindi: रोहतक) is a municipal council located in Rohtak District in the Haryana state of India on N.H. 10, 71 km from Delhi

Rohtak - District of Haryana - The district headquarter is situated in Rohtak town. Other smaller towns are Hasangarh, Meham, Sampla, and Kalanaur. The total area of Rohtak is 1708 sq kms and its population is 7,79,000. The Rohtak district is also known as the political capital of Haryana.

'Rohtak' is said to be a corruption of Rohtasgarh, a name applied to the ruined Khokrakot sites of two cities, one lying north of Rohtak and the other about 4 km to the east. It is thought that it was named after Raja Rohtas, in whose days the city was built. It is also claimed that the town derives its name from the Roherra tree called Rohtika in Sanskrit. It is said that the town was build by clearing a forest of Rohtika trees, and hence its name Rohtak.

Another version connects Rohtak with Rohitaka, mentioned in the Mahabharat. It was possibly the capital of Bahudhanyaka. In the Vinaya of Mulasarvasti-vadins, Jivaka is shown as undertaking a journey from Taxila to Bhadramkara, Udumbra, Rohitaka and Mathura in the Ganga Doab. The ancient road carried the trade of the Ganga valley to Taxila, passing through Rohitaka to Sakala. The ruins of the ancient town are found at Khokrakot or Rohtasgarh. Some experts hold that the town is as old as the Indus Valley Civilization. Some minor finds at Khokrakot are typical of the Indus Valley sites. Clay moulds of coins discovered here have thrown an important light of the process of casting coins in ancient India.

The existence of the town during the rule of the Kushanas is testified by the recent recovery of a Kushana pillar, decorated with carvings of winged lions and riders. An example of a lion of the 1st/2nd century AD, it resembles the lion in the British museum at London, famous for its inscriptions. The riders on it are similar to the riders on elephants at Karle Cave and figures at the Sanchi gateway. It is a significant example of sculptural art of Haryana towards the beginning of Christian era. The coin moulds of the later Yaudheyas of 3rd/4th century AD have been discovered by the Archaeological Survey of India in large numbers. Of the same and subsequent dates are several clay seals. A Gupta period terracotta plaque and a head of a later date have also been discovered. The town continued to flourish till the 10th century AD, as coins of Samanta Deva, the Hindu king of Kabul, have been found here.

The town is said to have been rebuilt in the time of Prithviraj Chauhan. In 1828, General Mundy wrote about the 'ancient and consequently ruinous town' of Rohtak. The wide circuit of its dilapidated fortifications and the still elegant domes of many time-worn tanks tell melancholy tales of gone-by grandeurs.

History

The district derives its name from its headquarters town Rohtak which is said to be a correction of Rohtashgarh, a name still applied to the ruined sites (also called Khokhrakot) of two older sites, one lying immediately north of the present town and other about 5 km towards the east. Traditionally, it is named after Raja Rohtash in whose days city is said to have been built. It is also claimed that the town derives its name from the Roherra (Tacoma undulate) tree called Rohitaka in Sanskrit. It is said that before the town came into existence it was the site of a forest of Rohitaka trees and hence ita name became Rohtak. Another version connects Rohtak with Rohitaka, which is mentioned in mahabharat in connection with campaign of Nakula, the Pandav warrior.

[edit] Evidences from Surya Siddhanta

Another Ancient Evidence of Rohtak City is found in Surya Siddhanta from the following Sanskrit lines, describing the Lankojjayini Rekha which is an Equator(According to Surya siddhanta, Equator runs from North to south unlike the present day east to west. However there would be no problem as earth is assumed to be a Sphere) running from North-Pole of Earth to South-Pole falling on three major cities one of them is Rohtak.

राक्षसालयोदेवौकश्शैलयोमध्यगतौसूत्रगा। रोहीतकमवन्तीच तथा सन्निहितं सरः ||

English Translation:-

( Raakshasaalaya devouka sshailayo madhyagata sootraga |

Roheetakamavanteecha, tathaa, sannihitam sarah || )

from the above Shloka, Roheetaka means present day Rohtak, Avanti is present day Ujjain while sarah is identified as Kurukshetra which was once upon a time a lagoon called Shyamanta panchak. King Kuru ploughed the land beneath the lagoon when it dried up because of calamity(from Surya Siddhanta and Mahabharata)

It is clear that from all these references that Rohtak is one of the oldest cities in India and it is as old as Swarna Lanka of Raavana, Ujjayini-Ujjain and even Varanasi.

[edit] History of the district as an Administrative unit

The areas of Rohtak district under went many changes, extending over hundreds of years before the administrative unit emerged in its present from. Under the Mughal Emperor Akbar, when his Minister Todar Mal divided North India into administrative circles, the areas of Rohtak (as a part of Suba of Delhi) fell within the Sarkars of Delhi and Hisar firuqa. Lying close to the imperial city of Delhi, the tract which now comprises the Rohtak district, was often granted in military Jagir by the Sultan and Mughal emperors to the Nobles of the court. For this reason Rajput, Brahman, Afghan, and Balouch chiefs have at different times enjoyed its revenues. On the death of Bahadur-Shah-I(1707–12), the successor of Aurangzeb, the Mughal empire began to decline rapidly. The areas of Rohtak frequently experienced a change of masters. The claims of Imperials were contested sometimes by the Rajputs, Jats and Sikhs and often by the Marathas. George Thomas, the protege of a Maratha leader, Appa Kandirao, established his authority at Hansi and extended it to Meham and Rohtak for a number of years, until Sindhia and various other regional forces combined to derive him away. Sindhia was, however, not destined to hold for long his conquests to the west of the Yamuna. By the treaty of Surjit Arjungaon, signed on December 30, 1803, the Rohtak area along with the other possessions of Sindhia situated to the west of Yamuna passed to the British and came under the administration of the North-west provinces.

The British had no intention at that time to hold large territories beyond the Yamuna. Accordingly, a number of Chiefs and leaders who had done good military service against the Marathas or had at least remained neutral, were settled in this tract to form a barrier of independent outposts between the British border and the Cis-Sutlej Sikh estates as well as the trans-sutlej rising kingdom of Ranjit Singh. Accordingly, the Jhajjar territory was given to Nawab Nijabat Ali Khan and the Baluch possessions at B.Garh to his brother, Nawab Ismail Khan. Gohana and Kharkhoda-Mandothi tehsils were given to Raja Bagh Singh of Jind and Bhai Lal Singh of Kaithal as life jagirs. The villages Lohari, Patudha and Kheri Sultan in the south east corner of Jhajjar tehsil were given as a separate Jagir to Mohmad Khan son and Nawab Nijabat Ali Khan. The estates of Hassngarh, Kirhauli, Pyladgarh(Pehladpur) and Khurampur in Sampla area were also granted to him for life. Rohtak, Beri and Meham tehsils of the present district were given to the Nawab of Dujana who resigned the major portion of the gift in 1809 because it was beyond his power to manage it.

The formation of present Rohtak district began when the gift was abandoned by the Dujana Chief. The Gohana and Kharkhoda-Mandothi estates lapsed to the British Govt. after of the death of Bhai Lal Singh in 1818 and Bhagh Singh in 1820. When the Hisar district was created in the latter year, the Beri and Meham-Bhiwani tehsils were included in Hisar and the other portions of the present northern tehsils in Panipat. In 1824 the Rohtak district was formed as a separate unit consisting of Gohana, Kharkhoda-Mandothi, Rohtak, Beri and Meham -Bhiwani tehsils. The Bahadurgarh territory formed its eastern and Jhajjar its southern boundary. Until 1832, the whole area, including Rohtak, was under the resident of Delhi, but when in that year it was brought under the same regulations as the rest of North Indian, the resident became commissioner. The district was abolished in 1841, Gohana going to Panipat and rest of tehsil to Delhi but in the very next year it was created again. Two districts of Rohtak and Jhajjar togather with rest of Delhi and Hisar divisions were detached from North-western provinces after 1857 and passed to the Punjab by the Govt. of India on 13 April 1858. The Rohtak district remained a part of the Hisar division until 1884.

After its transfer to the Punjab, the Rohtak district experienced several changes before assuming its present form. Bahadurgarh estate was added to the Sampla tehsil, five detached village to the east, going to Delhi. Jhajjar including some areas of Narnaul, Kanaudh and Dahari was at first created as a new district but was abolished shortly afterward in 1860, when large parts of it were assigned to the phulkian chief as a rewards for their loyal services. While the Jhajjar tehsil itself was added to Rohtak several Badali villages were transferred either to Delhi or Gurgoan and two detached Jhajjar estates were given to the Raja of Jind. In the following year, The Meham tehsil was abolished and after making necessary territorial adjustments in favour of Hisar and Delhi, the rest of the area was added to Rohtak tehsil. All these changer were completed by 1 July 1861.

Thus, Rohtak district was given a shae with four Tehsils i.e. Rohtak, Sonipat, Jhajjar and Gohana with Nahar and Meham as sub-tehsil of Jhajjar and Gohana tehsils respectively. Tehsil of B.Garh was created in 1973 from Jhajjar tehsil. In 1973 Meham sub-tehsil was upgraded as tehsil. Sonipat tehsil was created by bifurcating Rohtak distt, and Gohana and Sonipat tehsils were alloted to Sonepat district. One more tehsil, Kosli was created out of Jhajjar tehsil and Nahar sub-tehsil was abolished and the bifurcated Rohtak district, composed of five tehsils, namely Rohtak, B.garh, Jhajjar, Meham and kosli and one sub-tehsil M.hail was also created. In November 1989 reorganisation of district took place and Gohana tehsil was again attached with Rohtak district Of Rewari. Three sub-tehsils of Badli, M.hail and Beri were created again in July 1992, Gohana tehsil was again transferred to Sonipat district and Badli sub-tehsil was abolised later on.Rothak is famous for haryanvi JAAT. Other casts are under the Jaat state

[edit] Geography

Out of the total geographical area of the district, 83% is under cultivation. The main crops are wheat, gram, sugarcane and bajra. There is no perennial river in the district. The underground water level is relatively high. The district is faced with the problem of brackish water and waterlogging in many parts of the district. The subsoil water depth varies from 4 to 40 feet (12 m).

[edit] Area and Population

The district is having an area of 1668.47 km2. Population of the district as per 1991 census is 776,966. The density of population is 466 per km2. There are 146 villages and 151 Panchayats on the district. The rural population is 531,263 and urban population is 24,5703. As per 1991 census, rural population constitutes 68.38 % of the total population of the district. The SC population is 145,435 (18.72%) while rural SC population is 10 7131 (20.10%). The economy of the district is primarily agriculture i.e. agrarian economy. About 51.89% of the total workers are engaged in agriculture and allied activities, 7.68% in cottage and household industries and the rest are engaged in other activities. Out of total geographical area of the district, 83% is under cultivation. The main crops are wheat, gram, sugarcane and bajra. There is no perennial river in the district. Underground water level is relatively high. The district is faced with the problem of brackish water and water logging in many parts of the district.Jats & Sainis are in majority in Rohtak however Yadavs are dominant only in Kosli area.

[edit] Economy

The economy of the district is primarily agrarian. About 51.89% of the total workers are engaged in agriculture and allied activities, 7.68% in cottage and household industries and the rest are engaged in other activities. The farmers of Rohtak district are quite progressive and therefore, mechanisation and adoption of modern technology in farming are gaining momentum. The demand for tractors and new devices such as multi-purpose threshers, hoeing and weeding wheels, seed drill etc. have been increasing constantly. Similarly, there has been constant increase in the number of pumpset/tubewell in the district.

Through-agriculture is the main activity in the district, it dose not provide sufficient income. To supplement their meagre-income, they are ebgaged in various allied activities viz dairying, poultry, piggery, sheep, goat rearing etc. Dairying is the most important allied activity in the district. In order to increase the milk production, Animal Husbandry activities, including breeding with semen of superior bulls, veterinary facilities, extension work, formation of cooperative societies do exist in the district. The district has one milk plant unit at Rohtak. The milk plant makes products like butter, ghee, milk powder etc. Further the district has two sheep and wool extension centres at Ritoli and Pilana. There is one poultry Hatchery at Rohtak. To provide marketing assistance to DWCRA and IRDP beneficiaries, one sale counter namely Gramodaya, has also been started at Mini Sectt. Complex, Rohtak.

Industrially, Rohtak is one of the fast developing districts of Haryana, having good industrial base with large and medium scale industries along with many small scale units. The distribution of industrial activities is however uneven. The majority of industrial units are concentrated at Rohtak Delhi Road.

District's ample agricultural resources, availability of skilled labourers, a good net work of infrastructural facilities and various incentives offered by Govt. coupled with its close proximity to Delhi has given impetus to the new enterprises to establish their industries in district. Some now industrial centres are coming up along N.H-10, passing through this district. Rohtak is one of the previlaged district as it has essential infrastructure. All villages are electrified and well connected by pucca roads. The district is well provided with other essential services like postal service, education/health etc.

Rohtak

The Rohtak block was created in 1954 and is having 57 villages/55 panchayats and one town. It is a densely populated block in the district. It has a rural population of 181,1458 with the area of 53,358.55 Ha. It is industrially developed nlock having large, medium scaloe industries and small scale industrial units. One PGIMS and one University are situated at Rohtak and this block has many colleges, two ITIs one Ayurvedic college and five Engineering College(Vaish,mastnath,satpriya,university,maturam). There are 62 Bank branches looking after the needs of area.

Lakhan Majra

The Block was formed in 1974. It has an total area of 16,653 Ha. and has a rural population of 54 809 spreading over in 13 villages /Panchayats. There are 5 offices of the banks in the block and those villages which are not covered by above bank offices are covered by bank branches of the Rohtak town.

Meham

The block is situated in the northwest of the district. The block has an rural area is 41,617 Ha. and has rural population of 120,112 spread over in 24 Villages/34 Panchayats and one town. Canal irrigation is the main source of irrigation. Rural industries are in the block. There are large/medium and small scale industries in the block. There are 13 bank branches operating in the block.

Sampla

Sampla block is situated on the eastern part of the district. The rural area of the block is 22,658.98 Ha. covering 24 villages/25 Panchayats. It has a population of 101,249. Industrial growth is gaining momentum at Sampla. Agricultural implements are the main industrial products. There are 9 bank offices functioning in the block.It has one engineering college(MERI) and one government polytechnic institute.

Kalanaur

There are 23 villages and one town in the block. The block has an rural area of 22,706.83 Ha. and has rural population of 73,635. The economy of the block is mainly an agrarian economy. The block is served by 9 bank branches. New industrial units are coming up in the block. There is one college at Kalanaur.

Infrastructural Developments

The Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation (HSIIDC) has decided to develop two new industrial estates in Haryana at Rohtak on National Highway-10 and at Narwana on National Highway-71.[2] HSIIDC had also decided to develop another industrial estate at Narwana on an area of 108 acres and had carved out nearly 200 plots of various sizes in this estate for allotment to the entrepreneurs under multi-product category. The total cost of infrastructure development in this estate had been estimated at Rs.15 crore.

Asian Paints, India’s largest paint company has started the construction, of the proposed state-of-the-art paint plant, at the Industrial Model Township (IMT), Rohtak, Haryana.[3]

The Haryana government has allotted 700 acres of land to India's largest car manufacturer Maruti Suzuki India Limited (MSIL) for the company's proposed Research and Development Complex in Rohtak.[4]

The State Government is also developing four food parks at Rai, Saha, Narwana and Dabwali for the promotion of agro based and food processing industries. Expeditious completion of these parks shall be ensured. The Government shall also strive to develop a state of art Food Processing Hub around Sampla in Rohtak.[5]

Film and TV institute to set up in Rohtak

The Haryana government is setting up a state-of-the-art State Institute for Film & Television at Rohtak on the pattern of the Film and Television Institute, Pune.

The total project cost for all these institutes would be Rs 200 crore and the state government has earmarked 22 acres of land for the institutes. Sources in the technical education informed that the government had already invested Rs 100 crore in the proposed project and was likely to infuse another Rs 100 crore by the end of next year.[6]

Develepers in Rohtak

  • Suncity Rohtak II
  • Omax city Rohtak
  • Parshavnath
  • BCC Developers
  • Ansal API [7]

Notable people from Rohtak

Education


Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak

Jat Education Society Rohatk
Further information: List of educational institutes in Rohtak
Posted by Sandeep rana at 10:55 AM
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